Turbulent Flow through Pipes

Turbulent Flows can be calculated using the Navier-Stokes equation along with a model for turbulence. Several models have been developed for the purpose. They start from the simple algebraic models to the most involved Reynolds stress modelling. In addition, Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES)are among the recent computational methods to handle turbulent flows. A full discussion of these is beyond the scope of a first course in Fluid Mechanics. However many of the textbooks available do cover these topics.

Based on experimental findings a velocity profile has been arrived at and is called Logarithmic Overlap Law. This can be developed as follows.

(c) Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engg. 2005
University of Sydney