EXAMPLE
Select salient dimensions for a drum brake whose lining temperature is estimated to be 200oC. The lining wear constants are Rwo = 8.0 mm3/MJ ; To = 185 ; n = 1.78.
The normal intermittent duty is :-
energy dissipated | : | 7.5 kJ /application (which includes a design factor) | ||
average speed | : | 240 rpm (during braking) ( rpm ≡ rev/min ) | ||
braking time | : | 0.25 s / application | ||
required lining life | : | 1.6 E6 applications | ||
For one application | : | mean power dissipation rate ( 3) | : | 7.5/0.25 = 30 kW |
Rp from the above table | : | 600 kW/m2 | ||
so, minimum req'd lining area ( 4) | : | 30/600 = 0.05 m2 | ||
Over the whole life | : | total energy dissipated | : | 7.5 E-3 ∗ 1.6 E6 = 12 E3 MJ |
Rw from (ii) | : | 8.0 exp((200/185)1.78 ) = 25 mm3 /MJ | ||
so volume lost over the life | : | 12 E3 ∗ 25 = 300 E3 mm3 | ||
and thickness = volume/area | : | 300 E3/0.05 E6 = 6.1 mm | ||
This is increased by 100% to allow for possible uneven wear and fixing with rivets - so required thickness is 12 mm. Note that if the temperature were to increase by only 60oC, then the thickness would have to be doubled. | ||||
Over the braking period | : | displacement of drum from (1) | : | (240/60) ∗ 0.25 = 1 rev |
braking torque from (2) | : | 7.5/2π = 1.2 kNm |
The mean pressure pm may be estimated from ( i), assuming m = 0.35 say.
vm = ( π D N )m = π 0.4 (240/60) = 5.0 m/s as always, keep track of the units !
pm = 600 / 5.0 ∗ 0.35 = 340 kPa which is acceptable by the above table.