Fluid Statics and Fluid Dynamics form the two constituents of
Fluid Mechanics. Fluid Statics deals with fluids at rest while
Fluid Dynamics studies fluids in motion. In this chapter we
discuss Fluid Statics. A fluid at rest has no shear stress.
Consequently, any force developed is only due to normal stresses
i.e, pressure. Such a condition is termed the hydrostatic
condition. In fact, the analysis of hydrostatic systems is
greatly simplified when compared to that for fluids in motion.
Though fluid in motion gives rise to many interesting phenomena,
fluid at rest is by no means less important. Its importance
becomes apparent when we note that the atmosphere around us can be
considered to be at rest and so are the oceans. The simple theory
developed here finds its application in determining pressures at
different levels of atmosphere and in many pressure-measuring
devices. Further, the theory is employed to calculate force on
submerged objects such as ships, parts of ships and submarines.
The other application of the theory is in the calculation of
forces on dams and other hydraulic systems.
Specific topics developed in this chapter are-
- Pressure at a point within a fluid
- Equation for Pressure Field
- Manometry, measurement of pressure
- Force on an immersed surfaces
- Buoyancy and stability
Subsections
(c) Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engg. 2005
University of Sydney
|
